Table 2 Nutrient resorption efficiency (NuRE) (Mean ± SE) of three oak species (Q. aliena var. acuteserrata, Q. glandulifera, and Q. variabilis) over five years
Element | Tree species | Year | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2018 | ||
C | 1 | 20.58 ± 0.46b | 25.02 ± 0.22a | 19.19 ± 0.30c | 20.60 ± 0.26b | 21.41 ± 0.51b |
|  | 2 | 20.37 ± 0.43c | 24.22 ± 0.33a | 20.31 ± 0.40c | 20.42 ± 0.08c | 22.16 ± 0.40b |
|  | 3 | 21.94 ± 0.91b | 24.48 ± 0.62a | 20.30 ± 0.98bc | 19.83 ± 0.04c | 20.69 ± 0.23bc |
N | 1 | 68.33 ± 0.94a | 71.24 ± 0.41a | 65.17 ± 2.88a | 50.27 ± 3.61b | 68.10 ± 0.42a |
|  | 2 | 68.61 ± 1.29a | 72.64 ± 1.06a | 67.97 ± 1.56a | 57.70 ± 3.70b | 71.77 ± 0.70a |
|  | 3 | 65.97 ± 1.94b | 70.78 ± 0.36a | 67.16 ± 1.13bc | 62.08 ± 1.90c | 66.54 ± 0.15bc |
P | 1 | 82.38 ± 0.89a | 84.93 ± 1.67a | 81.58 ± 0.99a | 60.86 ± 6.50b | 59.79 ± 1.79b |
|  | 2 | 85.44 ± 0.67a | 86.52 ± 0.37a | 84.20 ± 0.79a | 70.74 ± 5.33b | 52.79 ± 1.34c |
|  | 3 | 83.20 ± 1.47a | 83.75 ± 1.57a | 85.50 ± 0.80a | 77.60 ± 0.72b | 53.48 ± 0.78c |
S | 1 | 50.48 ± 0.33b | 62.06 ± 0.96a | 53.49 ± 2.04ab | 36.43 ± 5.83c | 54.27 ± 0.33ab |
|  | 2 | 53.92 ± 2.12b | 64.62 ± 3.01a | 53.90 ± 2.00b | 46.11 ± 1.03c | 48.87 ± 0.63bc |
|  | 3 | 43.86 ± 3.58c | 64.18 ± 2.77a | 54.20 ± 0.84b | 49.75 ± 0.96bc | 45.68 ± 0.92c |
K | 1 | 70.19 ± 1.55 | 78.16 ± 1.56 | 77.34 ± 3.18 | 67.30 ± 6.69 | 77.41 ± 2.00 |
|  | 2 | 70.36 ± 3.12 | 76.07 ± 3.68 | 79.29 ± 3.36 | 69.19 ± 3.99 | 73.57 ± 2.40 |
|  | 3 | 71.62 ± 2.37 | 69.64 ± 3.98 | 70.21 ± 1.56 | 69.66 ± 0.78 | 69.19 ± 1.16 |
Na | 1 | 65.64 ± 5.85a | –38.71 ± 8.04ab | –29.03 ± 30.22b | –45.82 ± 61.48ab | 27.41 ± 3.47ab |
|  | 2 | 40.45 ± 9.05a | –45.69 ± 13.20c | –24.60 ± 14.36bc | 12.57 ± 34.25abc | 16.77 ± 2.84ab |
|  | 3 | 24.55 ± 14.64a | –69.13 ± 28.59b | 13.34 ± 10.50a | –19.10 ± 19.81ab | 24.36 ± 3.76a |
Ca | 1 | 8.11 ± 3.60a | –32.61 ± 7.25b | –21.02 ± 11.83b | 8.79 ± 4.95a | 31.27 ± 6.25a |
|  | 2 | –7.34 ± 2.94bc | –27.46 ± 1.36d | –21.46 ± 7.47 cd | 11.77 ± 7.12a | 3.47 ± 4.37ab |
|  | 3 | –6.35 ± 10.41ab | –49.00 ± 7.42c | –13.63 ± 12.22b | 18.32 ± 1.50a | 11.78 ± 2.72ab |
Mg | 1 | 32.80 ± 5.93 | 22.80 ± 4.75 | 34.55 ± 4.27 | 25.53 ± 12.21 | 45.68 ± 2.80 |
|  | 2 | 23.54 ± 3.23b | 8.81 ± 1.19c | 25.81 ± 2.08a | 34.64 ± 5.91a | 31.02 ± 0.94ab |
|  | 3 | 10.13 ± 9.48b | 0.28 ± 5.94b | 20.32 ± 2.80ab | 31.37 ± 4.79a | 23.76 ± 5.07ab |
Al | 1 | –99.94 ± 16.82b | –46.75 ± 15.56ab | –66.32 ± 9.95b | –101.92 ± 27.44b | –3.58 ± 19.97a |
|  | 2 | –143.88 ± 20.34b | –39.40 ± 30.06a | –66.90 ± 15.83a | –5.22 ± 3.48a | –67.89 ± 14.43a |
|  | 3 | –142.46 ± 12.66c | –58.17 ± 16.43ab | –69.48 ± 10.15a | –38.56 ± 13.68a | –107.48 ± 4.40b |
Fe | 1 | –135.86 ± 11.40d | –14.73 ± 8.07ab | –6.02 ± 10.85a | –69.67 ± 19.82c | –47.58 ± 0.47bc |
|  | 2 | –140.85 ± 8.93c | –4.94 ± 14.99a | –7.43 ± 6.86a | –5.02 ± 7.24a | –89.21 ± 10.44b |
|  | 3 | –112.38 ± 14.27c | –30.15 ± 19.08b | 8.63 ± 6.58a | 29.77 ± 20.73a | –51.29 ± 10.28b |
Mn | 1 | 28.40 ± 3.80a | –37.56 ± 11.70c | –14.71 ± 8.63bc | 3.28 ± 10.61ab | 0.90 ± 11.95ab |
|  | 2 | –0.21 ± 6.45a | –61.24 ± 38.24b | –10.38 ± 6.17ab | 3.92 ± 11.15a | 1.07 ± 2.09a |
|  | 3 | 18.83 ± 10.19a | –21.96 ± 11.39b | –9.89 ± 5.66ab | 5.72 ± 3.09a | 12.12 ± 6.14a |
Zn | 1 | 20.47 ± 1.40b | 14.49 ± 2.05b | 25.26 ± 8.83b | 25.79 ± 8.41b | 64.25 ± 15.42a |
|  | 2 | 33.63 ± 2.05a | 15.24 ± 6.57ab | 7.98 ± 8.87b | 24.36 ± 5.09ab | 18.60 ± 4.69ab |
|  | 3 | 23.69 ± 7.19a | 0.50 ± 10.28bc | –4.65 ± 7.65c | 16.54 ± 5.78ab | –3.07 ± 4.10bc |
Cu | 1 | 52.09 ± 4.36a | 33.95 ± 2.65a | –262.96 ± 75.09b | –68.93 ± 100.49a | 32.05 ± 5.23a |
|  | 2 | 40.54 ± 6.67a | 45.12 ± 0.00a | –374.76 ± 41.55b | 36.41 ± 0.87a | 37.93 ± 3.27a |
|  | 3 | 44.85 ± 5.97a | 18.58 ± 9.01a | –480.16 ± 65.28b | 37.28 ± 0.00a | 31.40 ± 5.66a |
Ba | 1 | 16.07 ± 2.57a | –53.24 ± 10.19b | –51.38 ± 14.94b | –11.13 ± 8.79a | –14.53 ± 13.60a |
|  | 2 | 7.73 ± 1.35a | –58.46 ± 32.67b | –43.37 ± 20.89ab | –12.16 ± 13.37ab | –8.44 ± 10.95ab |
|  | 3 | –34.56 ± 23.09ab | –56.08 ± 32.15b | –22.80 ± 11.20ab | 11.20 ± 9.54a | 5.50 ± 8.55ab |