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Table 6 Elephant selection ratios reported from four different studies in Kibale National Park, Uganda between 1962 and 2013 and the density (per ha) of stems of these species found during our sampling in 1978 and 2019

From: A 40-year evaluation of drivers of African rainforest change

Family

Tree species

1962‒1964a

1978‒1979b

1993c

2012‒2013d

Average

1978

2019

Moraceae

Antiaris toxicaria

2.85

2.08

3.47

6.61

3.75

0

0

Fabaceae

Newtonia buchananii

2.12

1.6

4.66

5.22

3.40

0

0

Sapotaceae

Mimusops bagshawei

3.21

0.63

4.32

2.33

2.62

1.41

7.06

Moraceae

Ficus exasperata

0.96

n/a

3.94

2.5

2.47

1.41

0.71

Sapindaceae

Blighia unijugata

2.8

n/a

3

1.06

2.29

0

1.41

Ulmacaea

Celtis africana

3.42

3.27

1.22

0.68

2.15

4.94

9.88

Annonaceae

Monodora myristica

1.69

1.75

0

5.06

2.13

2.12

1.41

Moraceae

Trilepsium madagascariense

2.95

2.29

2.72

0.38

2.09

4.94

29.65

Meliaceae

Lovoa swynnertonii

2.85

0.82

3.56

1

2.06

2.12

1.41

Rosaceae

Parinari excelsa

1.17

0.19

5.75

0.61

1.93

2.82

2.82

Olacaceae

Strombosia scheffleri

2.66

0.66

4.06

0.28

1.92

8.47

17.65

Meliaceae

Trichilia splendida

2.2

1.9

0.71

2.02

1.71

0

0

Average

2.35

1.46

2.9

2.14

2.38

  
  1. a Data from Wing and Buss 1970, sampling done between 1962 and 1964 and included the whole park
  2. b Data from Kasenene (1980; 1984; 1987) sampling done in 1978 and 1979 and included forestry compartments K30 and K14 (average of compartments presented)
  3. c Data from Lwanga (1994), sampling done in 1993, and includes forestry compartments K30 and K15 (average of compartments presented)
  4. d Data from Omeja et al. (2014) done in 2012 and 2013, and includes forestry compartments K30, K14, and K15 (average of compartments presented)