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Table 2 Remote sensing vegetation indices tested in this study and adapted to the WV-2

From: Combining WV-2 images and tree physiological factors to detect damage stages of Populus gansuensis by Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) at the tree level

Abbreviation

Name

Formula

ref

NDVI

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

(NIR1 − R)/(NIR1 + R)

Zhang et al. 2006

NDVI3,5

Green–red ratio

(G − R)/(G + R)

Gitelson et al. 1996

NDVI8,4

NIR-yellow ratio

(NIR2 − Y)/(NIR2 + Y)

Gwata 2012

NIRRY

NIR-Red-yellow ratio

(NIR1)/(R + Y)

Gwata 2012

DD

Difference Vegetation Index

(2 × NIR1 − R) − (G − B)

Le Maire et al. 2004

NORM NIR

Normalized NIR

NIR1/(NIR1 + R + G)

ENVI 2013

PSRI

Plant Senescence Reflectance Index

(R − B)/RE

Sims and Gamon 2002

RVI

Ratio vegetation index

NIR/RED

Hildebrandt 1996

GR

Green–red ratio

G/R

Waser et al. 2014

BR

Blue ratio

(R/B) × (G/B) × (RE/B) × (NIR/B)

Waser et al. 2014

RR

Red ratio

(NIR1/R) × (G/R) × (NIR1/RE)

Waser et al. 2014

REY

RedEdge yellow ratio

(RE − Y)/(RE + Y)

Gwata 2012

VIRE

Vegetation Index based on RedEdge

NIR1/RE

Chávez Oyanadel and Clevers 2012

RGI

Red–green index

RED/GREEN

Miura et al. 2008

EVI1

Enhanced Vegetation Index 1

2.4 × (NIR1 − RED)/(NIR1 + RED + 1)

Bezerra et al. 2020

EVI2

Enhanced Vegetation Index 2

2.4 × (NIR2 − RED)/(NIR2 + RED + 1)

Jiang et al. 2008

GI2

Greenness Index 2

(B × (−0.2848) + G × (− 0.2434) + R × (− 0.5436) + NIR1 × 0.7243 + NIR2 × 0.0840) × 5

Gwata 2012