Table 1 TreM typology adapted from Emberger et al. (2013). a: The potential users of the different TreM classes is based on the literature review of Larrieu et al. (2018a)
TreM class | Description | Potential usersa |
|---|---|---|
Bark loss | At least 600 cm2 of sapwood exposed, with the bark still attached or not | Mammals, birds, gastropods, insects, fungi |
Broken branch or top | Broken branch or top with a diameter ≥ 20 cm at the broken point | Birds, insects, arachnids, fungi, lichens |
Crack | Crack with width > 1 cm and depth > 10 cm | Mammals, birds, gastropods, insects, arachnids, fungi, lichens |
Crown deadwood | At least 20% of the crown is dead or one dead branch with length > 1 m and diameter > 20 cm | Birds, insects, arachnids, fungi, lichens |
Saproxylic fungi | Fruiting bodies > 5 cm in diameter or occur in 10 cm long cascades of smaller fruiting bodies | Gastropods, insects, arachnids, bryophytes, fungi |
Trunk base rot hole | Diameter > 10 cm, direct contact with the ground | Mammals, birds, amphibians, insects, arachnids, bryophytes, fungi, lichens |
Trunk rot hole | Diameter > 10 cm, no contact with the ground, on the trunk or on a branch | Mammals, birds, amphibians, insects, arachnids, bryophytes, fungi, lichens |
Woodpecker cavity | Any cavity initially carved by a woodpecker for nesting. Feeding cavities are excluded | Mammals, birds, amphibians, insects, arachnids, bryophytes, fungi, lichens |