Fig. 1

Soil CO₂ emission rates under different N addition treatments (control, 0 kg N·ha^− 1·year^− 1; N30, 30 kg N·ha^− 1·year^− 1; N60, 60 kg N·ha^− 1·year^− 1; N90, 90 kg N·ha^− 1·year^− 1) in plots under conventional management (CM, a) or intensive management (IM, b) and annual soil CO₂ emissions (c) from a Moso bamboo plantation (mean ± standard deviation, n = 3). Lowercase letters indicate differences in soil CO₂ emissions under different N addition treatments in CM plots (P < 0.05). Uppercase letters indicate differences in soil CO₂ emissions under different N addition treatments in IM plots (P < 0.05). The asterisk indicates differences in soil CO₂ emissions between different management schemes under the same N addition treatment (P < 0.05)