Table 1 Descriptive statistics of stand age, stand coverage, elevation, latitude, annual mean temperature and annual precipitation for natural and planted coniferous forests in the study region

 Pinus

54

14–95

55

20–90

1.428

0.950–1.940

36.81

35.41–38.44

6.7

3.0–10.5

500.8

406.3–599.3

222

 Platycladus

48

25–85

50

20–85

1.018

0.483–1.600

36.01

34.97–37.51

9.5

5.4–13.3

529.2

425.6–607.8

35

 Larix

62

17–91

54

29–75

2.235

1.870–2.500

38.47

37.84–39.13

1.7

−0.5–4.2

476

430.3–558.2

15

 Picea

65

26–86

65

20–97

2.305

1.862–2.560

38.76

37.89–39.09

1.1

−0.5–3.7

468.1

446.5–569.8

14

 others

27

9–55

38

22–62

1.509

1.260–1.647

37.99

36.72–39.75

5.7

3.6–8.1

433.3

395.3–478.9

3

 All

54

9–95

55

20–97

1.464

0.483–2.560

36.91

34.97–39.75

6.5

−0.5–13.3

500.7

395.3–607.8

289

 Pinus

31

5–61

59

20–91

1.306

0.476–2.100

36.98

35.10–40.50

7.3

2.7–11.5

510.8

374.2–604.0

148

 Platycladus

13

5–42

33

20–90

0.916

0.400–1.300

36.76

34.83–39.90

9.8

6.2–13.6

507.3

374.4–581.7

20

 Larix

26

8–60

57

20–95

1.893

1.260–2.383

38.42

36.43–39.67

3.2

−0.1–7.8

489.7

404.5–620.9

45

 Picea

35

15–47

69

30–92

2.209

1.717–2.410

38.89

38.79–38.97

1.4

0.4–3.4

495.7

452.5–619.8

4

 others

11

6–15

23

20–25

1.067

0.697–1.436

37.14

35.49–38.80

8.7

6.1–11.3

504.8

430.8–578.8

2

 All

28

5–61

56

20–95

1.405

0.400–2.410

37.29

34.83–40.50

6.6

−0.1–13.6

505.8

374.2–620.9

219