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Forest Ecosystems
Fig. 4 | Forest Ecosystems

Fig. 4

From: Regeneration patterns of key pine species in a mixed-pine forest indicate a positive effect of variable retention harvesting and an increase in recruitment with time

Fig. 4

CCA biplot showing the relationship between predictor variables (associated with arrows) on the occurrence and distribution of tree species (associated with triangles) in a mixed-pine forest ecosystem in the eastern Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA. The tree species include PIRE = Red pine, PIST = Eastern white pine, ABBA = Balsam fir, and PIMA = Black spruce

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