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Forest Ecosystems
Fig. 3 | Forest Ecosystems

Fig. 3

From: Regeneration patterns of key pine species in a mixed-pine forest indicate a positive effect of variable retention harvesting and an increase in recruitment with time

Fig. 3

Comparison of the percent cover of shrubs, herbs, and ferns among treatments 2 and 6 years since VRH treatment in a mixed-pine forest ecosystem in the eastern Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA. Letters a and b are used to indicate significant differences among treatments for the 2 year data, while letters x and y are used to indicate significant differences among treatments for the 6 year data (P < 0.05)

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