Fig. 3
From: Tree diversity effects on forest productivity increase through time because of spatial partitioning
a Aboveground stand biomass in the monoculture and mixture plots in different years after planting. The horizontal dashed lines indicate the mean values across the monocultures. b Frequency distributions of tree height shown by violin plots. The horizontal and vertical lines indicate the mean values and the standard deviations, respectively. Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments and tree species in each measurement year, as tested by Tukey’s multiple comparisons following ANOVA