Impacts of fire severity and cattle grazing on early plant dynamics in old-growth Araucaria-Nothofagus forests

Forest Ecosystems

Table 2 List of indicator species that are strongly associated to each fire severity level and to the unburned forest (using 999 random permutations at α = 0.05)

Group/species	A	B	p-value
Unburned forest (UN)
Myoschilos oblongum	0.99	1.00	0.001^***
Gavilea lutea	0.80	0.80	0.015^**
Lagenophora hariotii	1.00	0.60	0.027^*
Perezia prenanthoides	1.00	0.60	0.027^*
Low severity (LS)
Acaena ovalifolia	0.94	1.00	0.001^***
Berberis serratodentata	0.93	1.00	0.002^**
Ribes trilobum	0.89	1.00	0.001^***
Uncinia scabriuscula	0.87	1.00	0.001^***
Veronica serpyllifolia	0.77	0.80	0.035^*
High severity (HS)
Eleocharis melanostachys	1.00	0.80	0.008^**
Epilobium glaucum	0.81	0.80	0.020^*
UN + LS
Maytenus disticha	0.97	1.00	0.001^***
Nothofagus pumilio	0.96	1.00	0.001^***
Osmorhiza chilensis	1.00	0.90	0.001^***
Adenocaulon chilense	1.00	0.80	0.003^**
UN + Moderate severity (MS)
Senecio pilquensis	1.00	0.80	0.003^**
LS + MS
Alstroemeria aurea	0.96	0.90	0.016^*
Montyopsis gayana	1.00	0.70	0.017^*
UN + LS + MS
Ribes magellanicum	1.00	0.93	0.003^***

The A value is the specificity of a species to a particular group, and the B value is the sensitivity of a species to occur within a particular group. Significant differences are represented by *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05. Note that underlined names correspond to non-native species