Understory vegetation in planted pine forests governs bird community composition and diversity in the eastern Mediterranean region

Dagan, Uzi; Izhaki, Ido

doi:10.1186/s40663-019-0186-y

Forest Ecosystems

Table 7 The effect of pine forest types in northern Israel (Dense forest, DF and Open forest, OF, both with developed understory vegetation and a pine forest without understory, NF) on the three complexity indices in each season using ANOVA

From: Understory vegetation in planted pine forests governs bird community composition and diversity in the eastern Mediterranean region

Season		Type III sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	Sig.
Normalized degree
Fall	Corrected model	0.486^b	2	0.243	15.616	0.000
	Intercept	21.552	1	21.552	1383.898	0.000
	Habitat	0.486	2	0.243	15.616	0.000
	Error	0.436	28	0.016
	Total	24.042	31
	Corrected total	0.922	30
Spring	Corrected model	0.018^c	2	0.009	0.471	0.627
	Intercept	32.062	1	32.062	1663.980	0.000
	Habitat	0.018	2	0.009	0.471	0.627
	Error	0.944	49	0.019
	Total	34.268	52
	Corrected total	0.962	51
Winter	Corrected model	0.262^d	2	0.131	12.842	0.000
	Intercept	19.497	1	19.497	1910.898	0.000
	Habitat	0.262	2	0.131	12.842	0.000
	Error	0.245	24	0.010
	Total	22.634	27
	Corrected total	0.507	26
Weighted degree
Fall	Corrected model	649.161^b	2	324.581	6.349	0.005
	Intercept	1722.839	1	1722.839	33.700	0.000
	Habitat	649.161	2	324.581	6.349	0.005
	Error	1431.442	28	51.123
	Total	4251.940	31
	Corrected total	2080.603	30
Spring	Corrected model	482.364^c	2	241.182	2.533	0.090
	Intercept	3587.223	1	3587.223	37.680	0.000
	Habitat	482.364	2	241.182	2.533	0.090
	Error	4664.930	49	95.203
	Total	9404.414	52
	Corrected total	5147.294	51
Winter	Corrected model	422.295^d	2	211.147	3.049	0.066
	Intercept	1364.453	1	1364.453	19.706	0.000
	Habitat	422.295	2	211.147	3.049	0.066
	Error	1661.778	24	69.241
	Total	3867.003	27
	Corrected total	2084.073	26
Closeness
Fall	Corrected model	1.477^b	2	0.739	5.068	0.013
	Intercept	6.915	1	6.915	47.442	0.000
	Habitat	1.477	2	0.739	5.068	0.013
	Error	4.081	28	0.146
	Total	12.500	31
	Corrected total	5.558	30
Spring	Corrected model	0.184^c	2	0.092	21.695	0.000
	Intercept	2.106	1	2.106	497.332	0.000
	Habitat	0.184	2	0.092	21.695	0.000
	Error	0.207	49	0.004
	Total	2.339	52
	Corrected total	0.391	51
Winter	Corrected model	0.127^d	2	0.063	1.267	0.300
	Intercept	3.995	1	3.995	80.016	0.000
	Habitat	0.127	2	0.063	1.267	0.300
	Error	1.198	24	0.050
	Total	5.972	27
	Corrected total	1.325	26

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