Fig. 4

Modelled relationship between line intersect sampling precision (expressed as coefficient of variation), transect length, and downed woody debris (DWD) volume, using simulations constrained by empirical field data from 33 locations within eight forest types of northeastern USA. Top model form: CV = 1.30268 × e^{–0.0002277 × volume} × e^{–0.1059549 × sqrt_length}, where sqrt_length is the square root of transect length. Diagnostics for this model (R² = 0.795, RMSE = 0.128) were poorer than those for the length-only model (Fig. 1), and the volume term was non-significant