Fig. 2
![Fig. 2](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs40663-018-0145-z/MediaObjects/40663_2018_145_Fig2_HTML.png)
a High- and low-severity soil burns. High-severity soil burns consume most of the organic layer, leaving charcoal fragments directly on the mineral soil. Low-severity soil burns only partially burn the organic layer and leave a distinctive residual (unburned) organic layer (ROL). b The thickness of the ROL makes it possible to differentiate stands established after high- (ROL < 5 cm) and low-severity soil burns (ROL > 5 cm). Modified from Simard et al. 2007 and Simard et al. 2009