Nutrient retention and release in coarse woody debris of three important central European tree species and the use of NIRS to determine deadwood chemical properties

Herrmann, Steffen; Bauhus, Jürgen

doi:10.1186/s40663-018-0140-4

Forest Ecosystems

Table 3 Concentrations of C, N, P, S, Ca, K, Mg, Mn and Lignin (% and mg∙g^− 1) as well as C/N and N/P ratio, mean ± standard deviation (SD), in log segments of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris; mass loss at 8 years: 32%, 24.9% and 24.6%, 18 years: 60.2%, 41.9% and 42.9%, and 36 years: 63.8% and 53.6% for beech, spruce and pine respectively; small values indicate significant difference (p < 0.05) between species as well as between periods of decomposition; n = number of samples

From: Nutrient retention and release in coarse woody debris of three important central European tree species and the use of NIRS to determine deadwood chemical properties

Element	Species	Decomposition time								p value (anova)
		0		8		18		36
		Mean ± SD	n	Mean ± SD	n	Mean ± SD	n	Mean ± SD	n	time	species
C (%)	Beech^a	46.3^a ± 0.52	4	47.5^b ± 0.62	47	47.4^b ± 0.74	16			< 0.01	< 0.001
	Spruce^b	46.8^a ± 0.75	6	49.9^b ± 1.48	47	49.2^b ± 1.27	19	50.8^b ± 2.48	16	< 0.001
	Pine^b	48.8^ab ± 1.13	5	49.1^a ± 1.27	33	50.1^b ± 1.5	21	50.8^c ± 1.39	11	< 0.01
N (%)	Beech^a	0.085 ± 0.015	4	0.12 ± 0.044	50	0.14 ± 0.1	16				< 0.01
	Spruce^b	0.052^ab ± 0.005	6	0.06^a ± 0.026	45	0.091^b ± 0.063	18	0.46^c ± 0.31	16	< 0.001
	Pine^b	0.048^a ± 0.014	5	0.069^ab ± 0.024	31	0.1^bc ± 0.079	21	0.089^c ± 0.017	11	< 0.05
P (mg∙g⁻¹)	Beech^a	0.089 ± 0.025	4	0.062 ± 0.023	49	0.087 ± 0.082	16				< 0.05
	Spruce^ab	0.042^a ± 0.01	6	0.035^a ± 0.02	45	0.059^a ± 0.042	19	0.19^b ± 0.124	16	< 0.001
	Pine^b	0.035 ± 0.016	4	0.045 ± 0.025	31	0.063 ± 0.038	21	0.039 ± 0.023	10
S (mg∙g⁻¹)	Beech	0.11 ± 0.028	4	0.13 ± 0.047	16	0.21 ± 0.16	10
	Spruce	0.081^a ± 0.057	6	0.063^a ± 0.039	13	0.13^a ± 0.085	4	0.67^b ± 0.304	10	< 0.001
	Pine	0.057 ± 0.023	5	0.09 ± 0.044	8	0.12 ± 0.076	7	0.11 ± 0.076	6
Ca (mg∙g⁻¹)	Beech^a	0.83^a ± 0.17	4	1.06^a ± 1.39	16	1.69^b ± 0.6	10			< 0.01	< 0.01
Ca (mg∙g⁻¹)	Spruce^a	0.69^a ± 0.14	6	0.9^a ± 0.31	13	1.45^ab ± 0.79	4	2.44^b ± 0.75	10	< 0.001
	Pine^b	0.65 ± 0.18	5	0.63 ± 0.1	8	0.81 ± 0.27	7	1.09 ± 0.61	6
K (mg∙g⁻¹)	Beech^a	1.26^a ± 0.28	4	0.77^b ± 0.41	16	0.82^ab ± 0.43	10				< 0.001
K (mg∙g⁻¹)	Spruce^b	0.4 ± 0.06	6	0.31 ± 0.1	13	0.55 ± 0.52	4	0.52 ± 0.4	10
	Pine^c	0.33^a ± 0.04	5	0.23^ab ± 0.12	8	0.14^bc ± 0.06	7	0.11^c ± 0.06	6	< 0.01
Mg (mg∙g⁻¹)	Beech^a	0.29^a ± 0.11	4	0.28^a ± 0.15	16	0.57^b ± 0.25	10			< 0.01	< 0.001
	Spruce^b	0.1^a ± 0.03	6	0.13^a ± 0.04	13	0.17^ab ± 0.1	4	0.23^b ± 0.08	10	< 0.01
	Pine^b	0.15^ab ± 0.05	5	0.17^a ± 0.06	8	0.09^b ± 0.02	7	0.1^ab ± 0.05	6	< 0.05
Mn (mg∙g⁻¹)	Beech^a	0.14 ± 0.13	4	0.32 ± 0.18	15	0.28 ± 0.08	10				< 0.001
	Spruce^b	0.16^a ± 0.14	6	0.25^a ± 0.13	13	0.47^b ± 0.26	4	0.13^a ± 0.1	10	< 0.01
	Pine^c	0.07 ± 0.03	5	0.18 ± 0.1	8	0.11 ± 0.04	7	0.06 ± 0.05	6
Lignin (%)	Beech^a	21.5^a ± 0.35	4	24.4^a ± 4.12	49	26.5^b ± 4.88	17			< 0.05	< 0.001
	Spruce^b	27.6^a ± 0.44	6	33.5^b ± 5.48	47	33.4^b ± 6.15	19	52.8^c ± 15.3	16	< 0.001
	Pine^c	27.2 ± 0.94	5	27.8 ± 2.88	33	28.7 ± 6.81	21	27.6 ± 2.56	11
C/N	Beech^a	561 ± 98.7	4	489 ± 263	47	436 ± 195	16				< 0.001
	Spruce^b	912^a ± 97.2	6	1088^a ± 705	45	813^a ± 665	18	178^b ± 135	16	< 0.001
	Pine^b	1057^a ± 218	5	858^ab ± 523	31	677^bc ± 316	21	586^c ± 101	11	< 0.05
N/P	Beech	10.3 ± 4.1	4	22.7 ± 21.2	49	30.4 ± 46.1	16
	Spruce	13.02 ± 3.26	6	23.2 ± 18.9	43	18.2 ± 12.1	18	27.2 ± 15.4	16
	Pine	14.4 ± 7.45	4	31 ± 43.5	30	20.9 ± 19.7	21	28.3 ± 12.2	10

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