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Table 5 Mean prediction bias, root mean squared error (RMSE) in estimating diameter inside bark using different models. Statistics were obtained by using leave-one-out cross validation method e.g. bias and RMSE for dataset I were obtained by applying the models fitted using datasets II and III

From: Estimating upper stem diameters and volume of Douglas-fir and Western hemlock trees in the Pacific northwest

Model

Dataset

Douglas-fir

Western hemlock

Bias (cm)

RMSE (cm)

Bias (cm)

RMSE (cm)

M1

I

0.85

2.67

−1.07

4.02

II

−0.34

1.30

  

III

−1.10

3.84

1.83

3.64

M2

I

0.61

2.46

−1.06

3.32

II

−0.36

1.28

  

III

−0.17

3.54

1.35

4.25

M3

I

− 0.59

2.69

−0.94

3.34

II

−0.62

1.30

  

III

−0.55

4.05

1.38

4.25

M4

I

0.35

2.21

−1.09

3.44

II

−0.28

1.04

  

III

−0.35

3.35

1.49

4.27

M5

I

−0.09

3.04

−0.37

3.83

II

−0.16

1.26

  

III

−1.76

4.70

1.16

3.61