Fig. 5
From: Facilitating the recovery of natural evergreen forests in South Africa via invader plant stands
Browsing impacts and approaches to protect seedlings against browsing: (a) Cattle and antelope, mainly Bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), browsed the leaves and new shoots of seedlings; (b) Vlei rat (Otomys irroratus) removed the bark of the seedlings but also removed the upper part of the stem as if it was cut with a pruning scissor; (c) Inside the fenced plots, seedlings grew up to >3 m height since establishment of the fence in 2013; (d) Seedlings grew fast in height between the cut stems of wattle trees