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Fig. 2 | Forest Ecosystems

Fig. 2

From: Response of understory vegetation over 10 years after thinning in an old-growth cedar and cypress plantation overgrazed by sika deer in eastern Japan

Fig. 2

Ordination by detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) based on the mean coverage of all species. Data are for every quadrat in each year. a Plot ordination. The first two axes accounted for 45.1% and 21.5% of the total variance, respectively. US, sparse cover (1%); MM, moderate cover (30%); LD, dense cover (80%); in, within the exclosure; out, outside the exclosure; P, pre-thinning; numbers represent years after thinning. b Major species ordination; the 42 most frequent species are displayed in the figure

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