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Fig. 4 | Forest Ecosystems

Fig. 4

From: Conceptual models of forest dynamics in environmental education and management: keep it as simple as possible, but no simpler

Fig. 4

Illustration of the multi-cohort model of forest dynamics, where directional forest development after stand-replacing disturbance is represented as structural cohorts (1-4). In late-successional stages forest structure can perpetuate itself through fine scale gap dynamics driven by wind, fungi and insect disturbances. Stand-replacing disturbance can reset forest development to “bare ground” from any developmental stage

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