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Forest Ecosystems
Fig. 2 | Forest Ecosystems

Fig. 2

From: Incorporating shape constraints in generalized additive modelling of the height-diameter relationship for Norway spruce

Fig. 2

The estimated shape constrained univariate smooths of model h3. a the smooth of age, (b) the smooth of relative diameter at breast height, (c) the smooth of topex index, (d) the smooth of temperature sum during the vegetation period and (e) the smooth of aridity index. The labels of the vertical axes denote the smooth terms with the corresponding covariate and edf given in brackets

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