Table 7 Statistics for the fixed parts of mixed-effects models (best in boldface, worst in italics )
Modelling and simulation approach | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Regression 1 | Regression 2 | Regression 2 | Optimization | |
1-year step | 1-year step | true step | 1-year step | |
Basal area | ||||
- bias (m2 · ha–1) | –1.07 | 3.01 | 3.82 | 0.18 |
- RMSE (m2 · ha–1) | 3.33 | 7.66 | 9.49 | 3.24 |
Number of trees per hectare | ||||
- bias | –18.00 | 49.97 | 49.97 | 5.63 |
- RMSE | 64.01 | 135.94 | 135.94 | 50.78 |
Annual basal area increment | ||||
- bias (m2 · ha–1) | –0.885 | 0.355 | 0.463 | 0.013 |
- bias (%) | 66.04 | 26.49 | 34.55 | 0.97 |
- RMSE (m2 · ha–1) | 1.322 | 1.339 | 1.476 | 0.976 |